Brisbane's average carbon dioxide concentration for 8 September 2024: 434 ppm.
Average for 2023*: 427 ppm.
*Average of calendar year’s observations – based on three phases of data collection with different calibrations and incomplete data (64% complete).
With additional sites, we can learn more about Brisbane’s CO2 levels and their associations with weather, traffic etc. If you are interested in hosting a sensor, please contact us here.
Last year we visited Naomi Asimow at UC Berkeley, a Ph.D. student with the team who have been running the most comprehensive project of this type – in the San Francisco Bay Area.
She is the lead author of a recent paper reporting a 5-year analysis that shows an annual decline in CO2 concentrations of 1.8% per year – attributed largely to a 2.6% annual improvement rate in the efficiency of the vehicle fleet, with EVs and hybrids comprising a growing proportion of vehicles, and the gradual retirement of older, less efficient vehicles.
While more extensive and sophisticated than our network, this report illustrates the value of “ground-truthing” greenhouse gas levels in cities, given that bottom-up inventories can be quite inaccurate. Read the paper here.
Unfortunately, the rate of CO2 reduction the team reports is far slower than the trajectory required to meet San Francisco’s 2040 net zero target. And as for Brisbane, continued population growth, an anaemic rate of EV adoption, poor fuel standards and the popularity of ever larger utes and SUVs, does not bode especially well for our own outlook.
Daily profiles
Realatively minor changes only over the weekend. Continuation of high overnight levels at Bellbird Park.
Why the high overnight values at Bellbird Park? Contrary to most reports (outer urban areas having lower carbon dioxide concentrations than city centres), we quite frequently observe high values at Bellbird Park. We cannot definitively attribute this to any specific source, but note that it is confined to night-time build-ups. One hypothesis is that there are several potential emissions sources in the area – including a slaughter-house, two refuse stations, and at least three large-scale composting operations. This article summarises some of what is known about emissions from composting: Nordahl, S.L. et al. (2023) ‘Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollutant Emissions from Composting’, Environmental Science & Technology, 57(6), pp. 2235–2247. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c05846.
Please see below for a very interesting recent report from San Francisco’s BEACO2N network – which inspired our own project. The report this last week has had significant media coverage including the Los Angeles Times, pointing out the value of such networks:
“I think the best contribution this makes is showing how we can check what’s going on,” said Danny Cullenward, a climate economist and senior fellow at the Kleinman Center for Energy Policy at the University of Pennsylvania. “It’s probably not the last word. But it’s an elegant way to ground-truth some of these things. We need more of these approaches, not fewer.”
A network of sensors that includes carbon dioxide measurement is being installed in Providence, Rhode Island, adding to the handful of cities with continuous monitoring: https://www.breatheprovidence.com/.
Globally, 2024 continues to show some exceptional temperatures. Global sea surface temperature, for example, (dark line), has only recently fallen below levels for 2023, while remaining much higher than earlier years in the data series:
Why do levels change across the day? Although patterns vary considerably, levels normally rise overnight as the top of the atmospheric boundary layer is closer to the ground. At daybreak, the boundary layer rises and winds bring in ‘cleaner’ air from higher levels, while photosynthesis also reduces carbon dioxide levels, until the sun goes down.
Learning about traffic-related emissions in Brisbane
Average levels measured at Petrie Terrace for weekdays were higher than for weekends in the morning and afternoon/evening commuting times, but lower in the early morning hours. Differences in traffic emissions are the likely explanation. (Note: some missing days during 2023). Strong similarities with data using much more sophisticated measurements, from Mexico City and Munich (below) including the reversal from early morning to the afternoon and evening. (González del Castillo, E. et al. (2022) ‘CO2 variability in the Mexico City region from in situ measurements at an urban and a background site’, Atmósfera, 35(2), pp. 377–393. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.52956.) & Lan, L. et al. (2020) ‘Assessment of Urban CO2 Measurement and Source Attribution in Munich Based on TDLAS-WMS and Trajectory Analysis’, Atmosphere, 11(1), p. 58. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11010058.).
Another way of viewing this is to subtract weekend values from weekday values. This shows the morning and afternoon/evening commuting time peaks very clearly.
Why do weekdays have lower values than weekends in the early morning? Sunday ends low, which runs into Monday morning and brings down the weekday average for those early hours. Saturday ends high (perhaps because of late evening entertainment-related traffic), which runs into Sunday morning and elevates the weekend values in those hours.
The increment of 4-6 ppm for weekdays compared to weekends doesn’t indicate the total effect of traffic emissions as it is just a difference score – even on weekends the city centre has a high traffic load.
This analysis shows the value of targeted comparisons – even though our low-cost equipment limits the accuracy of measurements (and therefore inferences about data from different sites), comparisons made over the same time-period can be made with much greater confidence.
Phase 3 Data
(Table presents latest data, which may include revisions based on periodic recalibration of equipment, correction of errors, omissions, etc.) Please note that data for Petrie Terrace between 21 Nov 2023 and 03 Jan 2024 will soon be revised in the next few days to account for drift in a sensor – now replaced).
Date | Kelvin Grove | Petrie Terrace | Chapel Hill | Bellbird Park |
---|---|---|---|---|
08-09-2024 | --- | 428 ppm | 429 ppm | 445 ppm |
07-09-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 425 ppm | 446 ppm |
06-09-2024 | --- | 426 ppm | 424 ppm | 454 ppm |
05-09-2024 | --- | 430 ppm | 427 ppm | 451 ppm |
04-09-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 426 ppm | 450 ppm |
03-09-2024 | --- | 420 ppm | 429 ppm | 448 ppm |
02-09-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 442 ppm | 448 ppm |
01-09-2024 | --- | 445 ppm | 449 ppm | 470 ppm |
31-08-2024 | --- | 439 ppm | 452 ppm | 454 ppm |
30-08-2024 | --- | 445 ppm | 443 ppm | 473 ppm |
29-08-2024 | --- | 442 ppm | 447 ppm | 453 ppm |
28-08-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 431 ppm | 447 ppm |
27-08-2024 | --- | 428 ppm | 442 ppm | 466 ppm |
26-08-2024 | --- | 432 ppm | 441 ppm | 448 ppm |
25-08-2024 | --- | --- | 434 ppm | --- |
24-08-2024 | --- | --- | 431 ppm | --- |
23-08-2024 | --- | --- | 437 ppm | 453 ppm |
22-08-2024 | --- | 427 ppm | 434 ppm | 450 ppm |
21-08-2024 | --- | 432 ppm | 438 ppm | 448 ppm |
20-08-2024 | --- | 427 ppm | 435 ppm | 450 ppm |
19-08-2024 | --- | 430 ppm | 435 ppm | 451 ppm |
18-08-2024 | --- | 419 ppm | 425 ppm | 446 ppm |
17-08-2024 | --- | 432 ppm | 436 ppm | 459 ppm |
16-08-2024 | --- | 443 ppm | 447 ppm | 460 ppm |
15-08-2024 | --- | 437 ppm | 451 ppm | --- |
14-08-2024 | --- | 422 ppm | 434 ppm | --- |
13-08-2024 | --- | 418 ppm | 435 ppm | --- |
12-08-2024 | --- | 422 ppm | 436 ppm | 442 ppm |
11-08-2024 | --- | 418 ppm | 422 ppm | 438 ppm |
10-08-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 432 ppm | 458 ppm |
09-08-2024 | --- | 427 ppm | 430 ppm | 448 ppm |
08-08-2024 | --- | 425ppm | 429 ppm | 453 ppm |
07-08-2024 | --- | 426 ppm | 431 ppm | 445 ppm |
06-08-2024 | --- | 427 ppm | 427 ppm | 452 ppm |
05-08-2024 | --- | 431 pppm | 426 ppm | 447 ppm |
04-08-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 429 ppm | 447 ppm |
03-08-2024 | --- | 419 ppm | 425 ppm | 448 ppm |
02-08-2024 | --- | 433 ppm | 428 ppm | 449 ppm |
01-08-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 426 ppm | 449 ppm |
31-07-2024 | --- | --- | 427 ppm | 453 ppm |
30-07-2024 | --- | --- | 423 ppm | 434 ppm |
29-07-2024 | --- | --- | 419 ppm | 426ppm |
28-07-2024 | --- | --- | 414 ppm | 423 ppm |
27-07-2024 | --- | 432 ppm | 436 ppm | 454 ppm |
26-07-2024 | --- | 436 ppm | 432 ppm | 458 ppm |
25-07-2024 | --- | 434 ppm | 434 ppm | 455 ppm |
24-07-2024 | --- | --- | 436 ppm | 455 ppm |
23-07-2024 | --- | --- | 435 ppm | 457 ppm |
22-07-2024 | --- | 425 ppm | 424 ppm | 440 ppm |
21-07-2024 | --- | 408 ppm | 418 ppm | 426 ppm |
20-07-2024 | --- | 408 ppm | 418 ppm | 425 ppm |
19-07-2024 | --- | 423 ppm | 415 ppm | 431 ppm |
18-07-2024 | --- | 418 ppm | 410 ppm | 419 ppm |
17-07-2024 | --- | 416 ppm | 411 ppm | 416 ppm |
16-07-2024 | --- | 420 ppm | 411 ppm | 430 ppm |
15-07-2024 | --- | 420 ppm | 412 ppm | 427 ppm |
14-07-2024 | --- | --- | 410 ppm | 424 ppm |
13-07-2024 | --- | --- | 412 ppm | 427 ppm |
12-07-2024 | --- | 441 ppm | 432 ppm | 462 ppm |
11-07-2024 | --- | 442 ppm | 441 ppm | --- |
10-07-2024 | --- | 454 ppm | 455 ppm | --- |
09-07-2024 | --- | 456 ppm | 454 ppm | 470 ppm |
08-07-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 442 ppm | 453 ppm |
07-07-2024 | --- | 435 ppm | 430 ppm | 437 ppm |
06-07-2024 | --- | 436 ppm | 429 ppm | 436 ppm |
05-07-2024 | --- | 435 ppm | 429 ppm | 443 ppm |
04-07-2024 | --- | 433 ppm | 427 ppm | 429 ppm |
03-07-2024 | --- | 434 ppm | 430 ppm | 433 ppm |
02-07-2024 | --- | 433 ppm | 432 ppm | 438 ppm |
01-07-2024 | --- | 441 ppm | 435 ppm | 443 ppm |
30-06-2024 | --- | --- | 438 ppm | 465 ppm |
29-06-2024 | --- | --- | 439 ppm | 466 ppm |
28-06-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 444 ppm | 453 ppm |
27-06-2024 | --- | 457 ppm | 448 ppm | 457 ppm |
26-06-2024 | --- | 458 ppm | 446 ppm | 472 ppm |
25-06-2024 | --- | 452 ppm | 437 ppm | 457 ppm |
24-06-2024 | --- | 437 ppm | 427 ppm | 437 ppm |
23-06-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 424 ppm | 436 ppm |
22-06-2024 | --- | 436 ppm | 421 ppm | 437 ppm |
21-06-2024 | --- | 449 ppm | 429 ppm | 454 ppm |
20-06-2024 | --- | 452 ppm | 432 ppm | 444 ppm |
19-06-2024 | --- | --- | 419 ppm | 433 ppm |
18-06-2024 | --- | --- | 414 ppm | 426 ppm |
17-06-2024 | --- | 420 ppm | 417 ppm | 426 ppm |
16-06-2024 | --- | 424 ppm | 415 ppm | 427 ppm |
15-06-2024 | --- | 437 ppm | 430 ppm | 443 ppm |
14-06-2024 | --- | 442 ppm | 436 ppm | 446 ppm |
13-06-2024 | --- | 438 ppm | 425 ppm | 440 ppm |
12-06-2024 | --- | 427 ppm | 420 ppm | 432 ppm |
11-06-2024 | --- | 442 ppm | 430 ppm | 453 ppm |
10-06-2024 | --- | 437 ppm | 424 ppm | 444 ppm |
09-06-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 419 ppm | 434 ppm |
08-06-2024 | --- | 426 ppm | 416 ppm | 430 ppm |
07-06-2024 | --- | 423 ppm | 413 ppm | 421 ppm |
06-06-2024 | --- | 442 ppm | 431 ppm | 445 ppm |
05-06-2024 | --- | 456 ppm | 441 ppm | 459 ppm |
04-06-2024 | --- | 446 ppm | 428 ppm | 447 ppm |
03-06-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 419 ppm | 433 ppm |
02-06-2024 | --- | 429 ppm | 422 ppm | 441 ppm |
01-06-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 445 ppm | 452 ppm |
31-05-2024 | --- | 447 ppm | 444 ppm | 445 ppm |
30-05-2024 | --- | 454 ppm | 448 ppm | 463 ppm |
29-05-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 445 ppm | 473 ppm |
28-05-2024 | --- | 458 ppm | 451 ppm | 488 ppm |
27-05-2024 | --- | 464 ppm | 454 ppm | 474 ppm |
26-05-2024 | -- | 454 ppm | 446 ppm | 458 ppm |
25-05-2024 | --- | 445 ppm | 442 ppm | 448 ppm |
24-05-2024 | --- | 445 ppm | 441 ppm | 447 ppm |
23-05-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 444 ppm | 464 ppm |
22-05-2024 | --- | 443 ppm | 436 ppm | 459 ppm |
21-05-2024 | --- | 451 ppm | 435 ppm | 457 ppm |
20-05-2024 | --- | 448 ppm | 434 ppm | 457 ppm |
19-05-2024 | 432 ppm | 437 ppm | 426 ppm | 435 ppm |
18-05-2024 | 431 ppm | 442 ppm | 434 ppm | 448 ppm |
17-05-2024 | 439 ppm | 448 ppm | 446 ppm | 452 ppm |
16-05-2024 | 447 ppm | 452 ppm | 449 ppm | 455 ppm |
15-05-2024 | 439 ppm | 450 ppm | 448 ppm | 463 ppm |
14-05-2024 | 448 ppm | 460ppm | 451 ppm | 460 ppm |
13-05-2024 | 437 ppm | 453 ppm | 432 ppm | 452 ppm |
12-05-2024 | 438 ppm | 448ppm | 442 ppm | 452 ppm |
11-05-2024 | 435 ppm | 444 ppm | 438 ppm | 445 ppm |
10-05-2024 | 440 ppm | 447 ppm | 445 ppm | 442 ppm |
09-05-2024 | 439 ppm | 444 ppm | 444 ppm | 451 ppm |
08-05-2024 | 439 ppm | 444 ppm | 442 ppm | 447 ppm |
07-05-2024 | 435 ppm | 440 ppm | 434 ppm | 450ppm |
06-05-2024 | --- | 445 ppm | 442 ppm | 461 ppm |
05-05-2024 | --- | 444 ppm | 444 ppm | 448 ppm |
04-05-2024 | 435 ppm | 442 ppm | 438 ppm | 441 ppm |
03-05-2024 | --- | 440 ppm | 434 ppm | 428 ppm |
02-05-2024 | --- | 437 ppm | 427 ppm | 428 ppm |
01-05-2024 | 439 ppm | 445 ppm | 443 ppm | 457 ppm |
30-04-2024 | 446 ppm | 445 ppm | 457 ppm | 476 ppm |
29-04-2024 | 442 ppm | 451 ppm | 451 ppm | 471 ppm |
28-04-2024 | 437 ppm | 446 ppm | 443 ppm | 463 ppm |
27-04-2024 | --- | 443 ppm | 440 ppm | 461 ppm |
26-04-2024 | --- | 443 ppm | 441 ppm | 452 ppm |
25-04-2024 | 449 ppm | 454 ppm | 457 ppm | 470 ppm |
24-04-2024 | 442 ppm | 448 ppm | 444 ppm | 473 ppm |
23-04-2024 | 440 ppm | 444 pm | 447 ppm | 450 ppm |
22-04-2024 | 440 ppm | 441 ppm | 438 ppm | 436 ppm |
21-04-2024 | 451 ppm | 439 ppm | 438 ppm | 447 ppm |
20-04-2024 | 463 ppm | 447 ppm | 444 ppm | 466 ppm |
19-04-2024 | --- | 452 ppm | 451 ppm | 457 ppm |
18-04-2024 | --- | 453 ppm | 455 ppm | 462 ppm |
17-04-2024 | 449 ppm | 455 ppm | 463 ppm | 471 ppm |
16-04-2024 | 454 ppm | 461 ppm | 456 ppm | 483 ppm |
15-04-2024 | 451 ppm | 456 ppm | 450 ppm | 478 ppm |
14-04-2024 | 453 ppm | 456 ppm | 451 ppm | 468 ppm |
13-04-2024 | 448 ppm | 452 ppm | 446 ppm | 465 ppm |
12-04-2024 | 441 ppm | 444 ppm | 441 ppm | 458 ppm |
11-04-2024 | 447 ppm | 446 ppm | 443 ppm | 455 ppm |
10-04-2024 | 440 ppm | 434 ppm | 425 ppm | 428 ppm |
09-04-2024 | 451 ppm | 450 ppm | 446 ppm | 457 ppm |
08-04-2024 | 453 ppm | 458 ppm | 443 ppm | 449 ppm |
07-04-2024 | 438 ppm | 441 ppm | 441 ppm | 441 ppm |
06-04-2024 | 443 ppm | 445 ppm | 447 ppm | 441 ppm |
05-04-2024 | 449 ppm | 453 ppm | 448 ppm | 448 ppm |
04-04-2024 | 447 ppm | 453 ppm | --- | 450 ppm |
03-04-2024 | 450 ppm | 455 ppm | --- | 452 ppm |
02-04-2024 | 443 ppm | 449 ppm | --- | 443 ppm |
01-04-2024 | 444 ppm | 449 ppm | 451 ppm | 459 ppm |
31-03-2024 | 443 ppm | 446 ppm | 445 ppm | 460ppm |
30-03-2024 | 445 ppm | 450 ppm | 450 ppm | 456 ppm |
29-03-2024 | 447 ppm | 453 ppm | 450 ppm | --- |
28-03-2024 | 445 ppm | 456 ppm | 455 ppm | --- |
27-03-2024 | 441 ppm | 444 ppm | 440 ppm | --- |
26-03-2024 | 450 ppm | --- | 446 ppm | --- |
25-03-2024 | 457 ppm | --- | 454 ppm | --- |
24-03-2024 | 445 ppm | 448 ppm | 444 ppm | --- |
23-03-2024 | 439 ppm | 444 ppm | 435 ppm | 447 ppm |
22-03-2024 | 434 ppm | 438 ppm | 425 ppm | 419 ppm |
21-03-2024 | 445 ppm | 448 ppm | 441 ppm | 440 ppm |
20-03-2024 | 450 ppm | 457 ppm | 456 ppm | 457 ppm |
19-03-2024 | 438 ppm | 445 ppm | 441 ppm | 446 ppm |
18-03-2024 | 436 ppm | 440 ppm | 432 ppm | 435 ppm |
17-03-2024 | 436 ppm | 441 ppm | 431 ppm | 439 ppm |
16-03-2024 | 436 ppm | 425 ppm | 438 ppm | 419 ppm |
15-03-2024 | 448 ppm | 455 ppm | 446 ppm | 471 ppm |
14-03-2024 | 447 ppm | 454 ppm | 443 ppm | 439 ppm |
13-03-2024 | 442 ppm | 443 ppm | 436 ppm | 426 ppm |
12-03-2024 | 442 ppm | 444 ppm | 436 ppm | 423 ppm |
11-03-2024 | 445 ppm | 445 ppm | 442 ppm | 441 ppm |
10-03-2024 | 439 ppm | 443 ppm | 435 ppm | 427 ppm |
09-03-2024 | 441 ppm | 442 ppm | 434 ppm | 439 ppm |
08-03-2024 | 444 ppm | 449 ppm | 441 ppm | 435 ppm |
07-03-2024 | 449 ppm | 454 ppm | 449 ppm | 464 ppm |
06-03-2024 | 450 ppm | 455 ppm | 450 ppm | 471 ppm |
05-03-2024 | 446 ppm | 449 ppm | 442 ppm | 464 ppm |
04-03-2024 | 458 ppm | 462 ppm | 456 ppm | 473 ppm |
03-03-2024 | 449 ppm | 450 ppm | 442 ppm | 457 ppm |
02-03-2024 | 448 ppm | 449 ppm | 437 ppm | 447 ppm |
01-03-2024 | 449 ppm | 453 ppm | 441 ppm | 446 ppm |
29-02-2024 | 453 ppm | 456 ppm | 446 ppm | 456 ppm |
28-02-2024 | 450 ppm | 456 ppm | 453 ppm | 454 ppm |
27-02-2024 | 450 ppm | 449 ppm | 456 ppm | 441 ppm |
26-02-2024 | 452 ppm | 453 ppm | 456 ppm | 467 ppm |
25-02-2024 | 453 ppm | 453 ppm | 454 ppm | 455ppm |
24-02-2024 | 467 ppm | 468 ppm | 462 ppm | 477 ppm |
23-02-2024 | 457 ppm | 458 ppm | 446 ppm | 451 ppm |
22-02-2024 | 456 ppm | 455 ppm | 450 ppm | 473 ppm |
21-02-2024 | 458 ppm | 455 ppm | 455 ppm | 476 ppm |
20-02-2024 | 454 ppm | 451 ppm | 454 ppm | 456 ppm |
19-02-2024 | 461 ppm | 460 ppm | 456 ppm | 473 ppm |
18-02-2024 | 452 ppm | 454 ppm | 462 ppm | |
17-02-2024 | 453 ppm | 451 ppm | 461 ppm | |
16-02-2024 | 449 ppm | 445 ppm | 466 ppm | |
15-02-2024 | 448 ppm | 450 ppm | 436 ppm | |
14-02-2024 | 454 ppm | 447 ppm | 451 ppm | |
13-02-2024 | 454 ppm | 449 ppm | 429 ppm | |
12-02-2024 | 452 ppm | 445 ppm | 442 ppm | |
11-02-2024 | 448 ppm | 438 ppm | 439 ppm | |
10-02-2024 | 448 ppm | 438 ppm | 444 ppm | |
09-02-2024 | 444 ppm | 431 ppm | 426 ppm | |
08-02-2024 | 446 ppm | 429 ppm | 419 ppm | |
07-02-2024 | 444 ppm | 435 ppm | 426 ppm | |
06-02-2024 | 445 ppm | 433 ppm | 436 ppm | |
05-02-2024 | 442 ppm | 432 ppm | 429 ppm | |
04-02-2024 | 451 ppm | 442 ppm | 458 ppm | |
03-02-2024 | 452 ppm | 442 ppm | 433 ppm | |
02-02-2024 | 447 ppm | 439 ppm | 451 ppm | |
01-02-2024 | 446ppm | 432 ppm | 430 ppm | |
31-01-2024 | 446 ppm | 432 ppm | 425 ppm | |
30-01-2024 | 447 ppm | 432 ppm | 435 ppm | |
29-01-2024 | 451 ppm | 447 ppm | 458 ppm | |
28-01-2024 | 449 ppm | 453 ppm | 452 ppm | |
27-01-2024 | 443 ppm | 445 ppm | 448 ppm | |
26-01-2024 | 443 ppm | 440 ppm | 452 ppm | |
25-01-2024 | 447 ppm | 442 ppm | 447 ppm | |
24-01-2024 | 441 ppm | 438 ppm | 432 ppm | |
23-01-2024 | 436 ppm | 422 ppm | 418 ppm | |
22-01-2024 | 451 ppm | 448 ppm | 450 ppm | |
21-01-2024 | 451 ppm | 451 ppm | 435 ppm | |
20-01-2024 | 445 ppm | 440 ppm | 433 ppm | |
19-01-2024 | 452 ppm | 442 ppm | 437 ppm | |
18-01-2024 | -- | 450 ppm | 452 ppm | |
17-01-2024 | -- | 445 ppm | 438 ppm | |
16-01-2024 | -- | 440 ppm | 439 ppm | |
15-01-2024 | -- | 436 ppm | 434 ppm | |
14-01-2024 | -- | 441 ppm | 439 ppm | |
13-01-2024 | -- | 436 ppm | 431 ppm | |
12-01-2024 | -- | 442 ppm | 431 ppm | |
11-01-2024 | -- | 445 ppm | 434 ppm | |
10-01-2024 | -- | 456 ppm | 447 ppm | |
09-01-2024 | -- | 444 ppm | 437 ppm | |
08-01-2024 | 445 ppm | 438 ppm | ||
07-01-2024 | -- | 436 ppm | 427 ppm | |
06-01-2024 | -- | 425 ppm | 419 ppm | |
05-01-2024 | -- | 444ppm | 445 ppm | |
04-01-2024 | -- | 450 ppm | 445 ppm | |
03-01-2024 | 424 ppm | 439 ppm | 434 ppm | |
02-01-2024 | 430 ppm | 438 ppm | 442 ppm | |
01-01-2024 | 435 ppm | 444 ppm | 444 ppm | |
31-12-2023 | 432 ppm | 445 ppm | 439 ppm |
|
30-12-2023 | 439 ppm | 445 ppm | 436 ppm | |
29-12-2023 | 450 ppm | 466 ppm | 462 ppm | |
28-12-2023 | 445 ppm | 466 ppm | 469 ppm | |
27-12-2023 | 435 ppm | 448 ppm | 446 ppm | |
26-12-2023 | 435 ppm | 439ppm | 434 ppm | |
25-12-2023 | 429 ppm | 441 ppm | 441 ppm | |
24-12-2023 | 432 ppm | 442 ppm | 437 ppm | |
23-12-2023 | 421 ppm | 436 ppm | 443 ppm | |
22-12-2023 | 430 ppm | 432 ppm | 446 ppm | |
21-12-2023 | 429 ppm | 442 ppm | 433 ppm | |
20-12-2023 | 419 ppm | 431 ppm | 431 ppm | |
19-12-2023 | 421 ppm | 430ppm | 429 ppm | |
18-12-2023 | 424 ppm | — | 426 ppm | |
17-12-2023 | 432 ppm | 445 ppm | 433 ppm | |
16-12-2023 | 434 ppm | 444 ppm | 439 ppm | |
15-12-2023 | 433 ppm | 439 ppm | 436 ppm | |
14-12-2023 | 421 ppm | 427 ppm | 426 ppm | |
13-12-2023 | 422 ppm | 433 ppm | 425 ppm | |
12-12-2023 | 420 ppm | 434 ppm | 421 ppm | |
11-12-2023 | 418 ppm | 428 ppm | 422 ppm | |
10-12-2023 | 423 ppm | 438 ppm | 424 ppm | |
09-12-2023 | 420 ppm | 436 ppm | 426 ppm | |
08-12-2023 | 430ppm | 437 ppm | 438 ppm | |
07-12-2023 | 431 ppm | 439 ppm | 438ppm | |
06-12-2023 | 427 ppm | 436 ppm | 436 ppm | |
05-12-2023 | 426 ppm | 433 ppm | 428 ppm | |
04-12-2023 | 435 ppm | 445 ppm | 439 ppm | |
03-12-2023 | 438 ppm | 453 ppm | 465 ppm | |
02-12-2023 | 434ppm | 443 ppm | 442 ppm | |
01-12-2023 | 444 ppm | 451 ppm | 459 ppm | |
30-11-2023 | 447ppm | 464 ppm | 457 ppm | |
29-11-2023 | 437 ppm | 437 ppm | 436 ppm | |
28-Nov-2023 | 444 ppm | 448 ppm | 448 ppm | |
27-Nov-2023 | 433 ppm | 436 ppm | 444 ppm | |
26-Nov-2023 | 427 ppm | 435 ppm | 447 ppm | |
25-Nov-2023 | 425 ppm | 430 ppm | 423 ppm | |
24-Nov-2023 | 429 ppm | 442 ppm | 427 ppm | |
23-Nov-2023 | 431 ppm | 442 ppm | 432 ppm | |
22-Nov-2023 | 435 ppm | 437 ppm | 433 ppm | |
21-Nov-2023 | 440 ppm | 436 ppm | 432 ppm |